Why Do Airplanes Follow A Curved Route?

Curved flight paths are a strategic choice for airlines due to their geopolitical implications and the Earth’s surface. These paths provide the most direct route to a flight’s destination, optimizing fuel efficiency and safety by utilizing wind patterns. Curved flight paths are also the shortest, as they account for the Earth’s curvature at the equator, making it shorter than a straight line.

Flight plans must account for the Earth’s curvature when creating them, as it is impossible not to fly in an arc due to its three-dimensional nature. Additionally, the amount of traffic in the air also influences the choice of trajectory. The Great Circle route allows airplanes to cover the shortest distance between departure and destination points, as they maintain a constant altitude above sea level during cruising.

Curved flight paths are necessary to avoid traffic conflicts over the routes they are traveling. Pilots often use Mercator charts in areas near the Equator where the Earth’s convergency has a higher inclination.

Despite some theories suggesting that the Earth is not flat, curvature remains an essential factor in the routes aircraft take. By considering factors such as the Earth’s surface, wind patterns, and the shortest possible route, airlines can ensure their safety and efficiency in the skies.