How To Use The Scapula As A Reference Point?

The scapula, also known as the shoulder blade, is a flat triangular bone located at the back of the trunk and over the posterior surface of ribs. It is a vital part of the glenoid cavity, where the infraglenoid tubercle is located. Musculoskeletal practitioners often use contiguous bony landmarks to locate spinal levels, such as the inferior angle of the scapula (IAS).

The scapula has three processes: the acromion, the spine, and the coracoid process. Muscle attachments to these landmarks are covered in the “Muscles” section. To locate the spine of the scapula, begin on the acromion process (A) and continue palpating along it posteriorly. The spine of the scapula (B) can be palpated all the way to the medial border of the scapula.

The main scapula bony landmarks are the spine, medial border, and inferior angle of the scapula. Landmark 1 denotes the intersection of the scapular spine and the dorsal margin, while Landmark 5 is defined as the point that divides the concave glenoid cavity.

The scapula is a thin, flat triangular-shaped bone placed on the postero-lateral aspect of the thoracic cage. It has 2 surfaces, 3 borders, 3 angles, and 3 surfaces. Landmark 1 denotes the intersection of the scapular spine and the dorsal margin, while Landmark 5 is defined as the point that divides the concave glenoid cavity.

In summary, the scapula is a crucial part of the glenoid cavity, with its bones and landmarks playing a significant role in identifying spinal levels.